《植物生理学报》 2018, 54(9): 1384-1390

环境光因子对采后病原真菌发育的影响及对致病力的调控机制

孙建城, 王玉坤, 龙超安^*

华中农业大学园艺林学学院, 武汉430070

通信作者：龙超安；E-mail: calong@mail.hzau.edu.cn

摘　要：

采后病原真菌的发育和致病力受到光照、温度和湿度等多种环境因素的影响。当前果蔬采后病害防治是以杀菌剂为主的化学防治, 长期大量使用杀菌剂易导致病原菌产生抗药性, 农药残留增加, 进而带来影响人体健康和环境污染等潜在问题。因此, 寻求安全、高效的可替代化学杀菌剂一直是国内外研究的热点。光作为环境因素之一, 不仅对植物的生长发育有重要作用, 而且对植物的防御反应以及抗病性也有影响。近年来, 光照处理已被用于果蔬采后病害的防治中, 因此, 了解环境光因子对采后病原真菌发育和致病力的影响具有重要意义。文章从采后病原真菌孢子和菌丝的生长发育、致病性、寄主代谢及基因调控等方面对光作用的机理进行了总结和展望。

关键词：光因子; 采后病原真菌; 发育; 致病力; 调控机制

收稿：2018-06-02   修定：2018-07-07

资助：国家重点研发计划(2016YFD0400904)、中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(2662016PY114)和现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金(CARS-26)。

Effects of light on the development of postharvest pathogenic fungi and regulatory mechanism of pathogenicity

SUN Jian-Cheng, WANG Yu-Kun, LONG Chao-An^*

College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China

Corresponding author: LONG Chao-An; E-mail: calong@mail.hzau.edu.cn

Abstract:

The development and virulence of postharvest pathogenic fungi are affected by many environmental factors, such as light, temperature and humidity. Though the main control measure is chemical fungicides, there exist many extrusive problems, such as residual of many chemical fungicides, resist-fungicides of pathogen, and attention to the destruction of the environment. It has been a hot topic to develop alternative and safe methods at home and abroad. As one of the environmental factors, light has significantly effects on plant growth and development, also in plant defense and disease resistance. Therefore, it is vitally important to understand the growth of pathogenic fungi and their pathogenic mechanisms in response to light. In this paper, the mechanism of photoaction is described from the aspects of spore and mycelium growth, pathogenicity, host metabolism and gene regulation.

Key words: light factor; postharvest pathogenic fungi; development; pathogenicity; regulatory mechanism